kubernetes部署Discuz的步骤方法

本文将介绍在kubernetes环境中部署一套php应用系统。前端web采用nginx、中间件php以fastcgi的方式运行，后台数据库由mysql提供支撑。
各服务组件之间的调用采用dns解析服务名的方式进行，数据库/应用包/配置文件使用nfs做后端存储，注：k8s版本v1.19.0
一、安装NFS
由于服务器有限，计划NFS服务端安装在k8s-master节点，NFS客户端安装在k8s-node节点
1）所有机器操作

# 所需安装包
yum install nfs-utils rpcbind -y

2）创建web和DB目录

##/nfsdata/k8s下的两个目录用于集群中运行LNMP环境存放的数据，web目录为nginx网站的根目录，DB为数据库存放的数据目录
[root@k8s-master ~]# mkdir -p /nfsdata/k8s/{web,db}
[root@k8s-master ~]# chown -R nfsnobody.nfsnobody /nfsdata/
[root@k8s-master ~]# vim /etc/exports
/nfsdata/k8s 10.3.104.0/21(sync,rw,no_root_squash)
### 启动NFS服务
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl start rpcbind.service
[root@k8s-master ~]# systemctl start nfs.service
### 检查NFS服务 ， 其中 10.3.104.51 为服务端IP
[root@k8s-master ~]# showmount -e 10.3.104.51
Export list for 10.3.104.51:
/nfsdata/k8s 10.3.104.0/21

3）NFS客户端验证
在k8s-node1机器验证

# rpcbind服务启动并加入开机自启动
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# systemctl start rpcbind.service && systemctl enable rpcbind.service
# 查看NFS服务信息
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# showmount -e 10.3.104.51
Export list for 10.3.104.51:
/nfsdata/k8s 10.3.104.0/21
# 挂载，并进行读写验证
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# mount -t nfs 10.3.104.51:/nfsdata/k8s /mnt
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# df -h | grep mnt
10.3.104.51:/nfsdata/k8s 40G 13G 25G 34% /mnt
# 验证完毕，去掉NFS挂载
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# umount -lf 10.3.104.51:/nfsdata/k8s

二、安装Mysql服务
1）创建存放mysql服务的yaml文件目录

[root@k8s-master ~]# mkdir -p /home/k8s/lnmp/mysql

2）创建secret，将mysql数据库的密码存放到secret中

[root@k8s-master mysql]# kubectl create secret generic mysql-pass --from-literal=password=abc123

3）创建mysql-pv

[root@k8s-master mysql]# vim mysql-pv.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
name: mysql-pv
spec:
capacity:
storage: 10Gi
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
nfs:
path: /nfsdata/k8s/db ##该参数指定你的NFS端的共享目录
server: 10.3.104.51 ##指定nfs端的IP
[root@k8s-master mysql]# kubectl create -f mysql-pv.yaml
persistentvolume/mysql-pv created

4）创建mysql-pvc

[root@k8s-master mysql]# vim mysql-pvc.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
name: mysql-claim
labels:
app: discuz
spec:
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
resources:
requests:
storage: 10Gi
[root@k8s-master mysql]# kubectl create -f mysql-pvc.yaml
persistentvolumeclaim/mysql-claim created

5）查看pv，pvc信息

##下面可以看出状态Bound（绑定）正常，pv中的CLAIM列绑定的信息为pvc定义的name，pvc中VOLUME列的信息显示绑定了mysql-pv的name
[root@k8s-master mysql]# kubectl get pv,pvc
NAME CAPACITY ACCESS MODES RECLAIM POLICY STATUS CLAIM STORAGECLASS REASON AGE
persistentvolume/mysql-pv 10Gi RWX Retain Bound default/mysql-claim 71s
NAME STATUS VOLUME CAPACITY ACCESS MODES STORAGECLASS AGE
persistentvolumeclaim/mysql-claim Bound mysql-pv 10Gi RWX 15s

6）创建mysql-deploy

[root@k8s-master mysql]# vim mysql-dp.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: dz-mysql
labels:
app: discuz
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: discuz
tier: mysql
strategy:
type: Recreate
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: discuz
tier: mysql
spec:
imagePullSecrets:
- name: my-secret
containers:
- image: mysql:5.7 ##此处指定你的harbor需要拉取的镜像，我这里是直接线上拉取了
name: mysql
env:
- name: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD
valueFrom:
secretKeyRef:
name: mysql-pass ##此模块是调用secret中存放的mysql密码
key: password
ports:
- containerPort: 3306
name: dz-mysql
volumeMounts:
- name: mysql-persistent-storage
mountPath: /var/lib/mysql
volumes:
- name: mysql-persistent-storage
persistentVolumeClaim: ##此模块参数调用定义创建的pvc名称
claimName: mysql-claim
[root@k8s-master mysql]# kubectl create -f mysql-dp.yaml
deployment.apps/dz-mysql created

7）创建mysql-service

[root@k8s-master mysql]# vim mysql-svc.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: dz-mysql
labels:
app: discuz
spec:
ports:
- port: 3306
selector:
app: discuz
tier: mysql
[root@k8s-master mysql]# kubectl create -f mysql-svc.yaml
service/dz-mysql created

8）查看mysql服务的pod和svc信息

##下面信息可以看出，dz-mysql状态Running（运行）正常，分配的cluster-ip=10.98.13.175，该IP在集群中可以访问，外部无法访问该IP
[root@k8s-master mysql]# kubectl get pod,svc -o wide | grep mysql
pod/dz-mysql-79cd646bf7-fxnbf 1/1 Running 0 4d19h 10.244.1.62 k8s-node1 <none> <none>
service/dz-mysql ClusterIP 10.98.13.175 <none> 3306/TCP 4d19h app=discuz,tier=mysql

三、安装php-fm
1）创建存放php-fm服务的yaml文件目录

[root@k8s-master ~]# mkdir -p /home/k8s/lnmp/php-fm

2）创建php-pv

[root@master php-fm]# vim php-pv.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
name: web-pv
spec:
capacity:
storage: 10Gi
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
nfs:
path: /nfsdata/k8s/web
server: 10.3.104.51
[root@master php-fm]# kubectl create -f php-pv.yaml
persistentvolume/web-pv created

3）创建php-pvc

[root@master php-fm]# vim php-pvc.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
name: web-claim
labels:
app: discuz
spec:
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
resources:
requests:
storage: 10Gi
[root@master php-fm]# kubectl create -f php-pvc.yaml
persistentvolumeclaim/web-claim created

4）查看pv，pvc绑定状态

[root@master php-fm]# kubectl get pv,pvc
NAME CAPACITY ACCESS MODES RECLAIM POLICY STATUS CLAIM STORAGECLASS REASON AGE
persistentvolume/mysql-pv 10Gi RWX Retain Bound default/mysql-claim 34m
persistentvolume/web-pv 10Gi RWX Retain Bound default/web-claim 114s
NAME STATUS VOLUME CAPACITY ACCESS MODES STORAGECLASS AGE
persistentvolumeclaim/mysql-claim Bound mysql-pv 10Gi RWX 33m
persistentvolumeclaim/web-claim Bound web-pv 10Gi RWX 108s

5）通过dockerfile创建php镜像文件

[root@k8s-master php-fm]# cat dockerfile
FROM docker.io/openshift/base-centos7:latest
MAINTAINER feiyu "akwangj@126.com"
RUN yum makecache
RUN yum -y install php-fpm php php-gd php-mysql php-mbstring php-xml php-mcrypt php-imap php-odbc php-pear php-xmlrpc
RUN sed -i 's/listen = 127.0.0.1:9000/listen = 0.0.0.0:9000/' /etc/php-fpm.d/ .conf
RUN sed -i 's/listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1/;listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1/' /etc/php-fpm.d/ .conf
EXPOSE 9000
CMD ["/sbin/php-fpm"]
[root@k8s-master php-fm]# docker build -t php:0.1 .

6）部署php-deploy

[root@k8s-master php-fm]# cat php-dp.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: dz-php
labels:
app: discuz
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app: discuz
tier: php-fm
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: discuz
tier: php-fm
spec:
imagePullSecrets:
- name: my-secret
containers:
- name: dz-php
image: php:0.1 ## 如果harbor仓库有填仓库地址，如果没harbor仓库，每个Node都制作下该镜像
imagePullPolicy: IfNotPresent
ports:
- containerPort: 9000
volumeMounts:
- name: php-persistent-storage
mountPath: /var/ /html/
volumes:
- name: php-persistent-storage
persistentVolumeClaim:
claimName: web-claim
[root@master php-fm]# kubectl create -f php-dp.yaml
deployment.apps/dz-web created

7）部署php-svc

[root@k8s-master php-fm]# cat php-svc.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: php
labels:
app: discuz
spec:
ports:
- name: php
port: 9000
protocol: TCP
targetPort: 9000
selector:
app: discuz
tier: php-fm
[root@k8s-master php-fm]# kubectl create -f php-svc.yaml
service/dz-web created

8）查看php的pod,svc信息

[root@k8s-master php-fm]# kubectl get svc
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
dz-mysql ClusterIP 10.98.13.175 <none> 3306/TCP 4d20h
php ClusterIP 10.110.59.41 <none> 9000/TCP 4s
[root@k8s-master php-fm]# kubectl get pod,svc
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
pod/dz-mysql-79cd646bf7-fxnbf 1/1 Running 0 4d20h
pod/dz-php-857b6bdf68-kt6lt 1/1 Running 0 101s
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
service/dz-mysql ClusterIP 10.98.13.175 <none> 3306/TCP 4d20h
service/php ClusterIP 10.110.59.41 <none> 9000/TCP 36s

四、安装nginx
1）创建存放php-fm服务的yaml文件目录

[root@k8s-master ~]# mkdir -p /home/k8s/lnmp/nginx

2）部署nginx.conf（以configmap形式存储）

[root@k8s-master nginx]# cat nginx-configmap.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: nginx-configmap
data:
nginx_conf: |-
worker_processes 1;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
sendfile on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
location / {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
autoindex on;
index index.php index.html index.htm;
}
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
}
location ~ \.php$ {
root /var/ /html;
fastcgi_pass php:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /var/ /html/$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}
}
[root@k8s-master nginx]# kubectl apply -f nginx-configmap.yaml
configmap/nginx-configmap created
[root@k8s-master nginx]# kubectl get cm
NAME DATA AGE
nginx-configmap 1 7s

3）部署nginx-deploy

[root@k8s-master nginx]# cat nginx-deploy.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: nginx-php
spec:
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nginx-php
replicas: 1
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: nginx-php
spec:
containers:
- name: nginx-php
image: nginx:latest ## 在线拉取了较新nginx镜像
ports:
- containerPort: 80
volumeMounts:
- name: nginx-data
mountPath: /usr/share/nginx/html
- name: nginx-conf
mountPath: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
subPath: nginx.conf
volumes:
- name: nginx-data
persistentVolumeClaim:
claimName: web-claim ##将nfsdata/k8s/web映射到/usr/share/nginx/html目录
- name: nginx-conf
configMap:
name: nginx-configmap ## 将nginx-cofigmap映射到/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
items:
- key: nginx_conf
path: nginx.conf

4）部署nginx-svc

[root@k8s-master nginx]# cat nginx-svc.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: nginx-php
spec:
type: NodePort
ports:
- name: nginx
port: 80
protocol: TCP
targetPort: 80
nodePort: 30004
selector:
app: nginx-php
[root@k8s-master nginx]# kubectl apply -f nginx-svc.yaml
service/nginx-php created

5）查看nginx的pod,svc信息

[root@k8s-master nginx]# kubectl get pod,svc
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
pod/dz-mysql-79cd646bf7-fxnbf 1/1 Running 0 4d21h
pod/dz-php-857b6bdf68-kt6lt 1/1 Running 0 13m
pod/nfs-client-provisioner-677fc9c97c-9cj92 1/1 Running 2 93d
NAME TYPE CLUSTER-IP EXTERNAL-IP PORT(S) AGE
service/dz-mysql ClusterIP 10.98.13.175 <none> 3306/TCP 4d21h
service/kubernetes ClusterIP 10.96.0.1 <none> 443/TCP 100d
service/nginx-php NodePort 10.97.61.182 <none> 80:30004/TCP 28s
service/php ClusterIP 10.110.59.41 <none> 9000/TCP 12m

五、安装Discuz【NFS上操作】
1）下载Discuz

[root@k8s-master ~]# cd /data/
[root@k8s-master data]# git clone https://gitee.com/ComsenzDiscuz/DiscuzX.git

正克隆到 'DiscuzX'...

remote: Counting objects: 9085, done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (5400/5400), done.
remote: Total 9085 (delta 3895), reused 8535 (delta 3632)

接收对象中: 100% (9085/9085), 12.96 MiB | 166.00 KiB/s, done.
处理 delta 中: 100% (3895/3895), done.
2）将Discuz项目中upload目录下所有文件，放到web中

[root@k8s-master data]# mv DiscuzX/upload/* /nfsdata/k8s/web/
[root@k8s-master data]# cd /nfsdata/k8s/web/
[root@k8s-master web]# chmod 100 data uc_server/data uc_client/data config

3）进入mysql，创建dz库和授权用户

[root@k8s-master ~]# kubectl exec -it dz-mysql-787586b8d6-9kl5b -- mysql -u root -p
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 4
Server version: 5.7.28 MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> create database dz;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.19 sec)
mysql> grant all on dz.* to 'dz'@'%' identified by 'abc123';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.11 sec

4）浏览器访问web安装页面
补充：通过ingress访问
1）ingress资源文件

[root@k8s-master php]# cat ingress-http.yaml
apiVersion: networking.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: Ingress
metadata:
name: nginx-http
namespace: default
spec:
rules:
- host:.cuztest.com
http:
paths:
- path: /
backend:
serviceName: nginx-php
servicePort: 80
[root@k8s-master php]# kubectl apply -f ingress-http.yaml
Warning: networking.k8s.io/v1beta1 Ingress is deprecated in v1.19+, unavailable in v1.22+; use networking.k8s.io/v1 Ingress
ingress.networking.k8s.io/nginx-http created
[root@k8s-master php]# kubectl get ingress
Warning: extensions/v1beta1 Ingress is deprecated in v1.14+, unavailable in v1.22+; use networking.k8s.io/v1 Ingress
NAME CLASS HOSTS ADDRESS PORTS AGE
nginx-http <none>.cuztest.com 80 15s

2）本地hosts添加域名解析

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声明：本文由代码号注册/游客用户【路留时】供稿发布，本站不对用户发布的kubernetes部署Discuz的步骤方法信息内容原创度和真实性等负责。如内容侵犯您的版权或其他权益，请留言并加以说明。站长审查之后若情况属实会及时为您删除。同时遵循 CC 4.0 BY-SA 版权协议，尊重和保护作者的劳动成果，转载请标明出处链接和本声明内容。本文作者：路留时» https://www.ebingou.cn/dmh/16209.html

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